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Bronia Roslawowski |
Bronia was born in 1926 in Turek, Poland. When the Nazis came to Turek in 1940, she was relocated to a ghetto. From there she was sent to three concentration camps, Inowroclaw in 1940, Gnojno from 1941-1943 and Auschwitz from 1943-1944. She then was sent to a labor camp, Reichenbach, on a death march to Zalcweidel, and then to Nederzachsen from which she was liberated in April, 1945. After the war, she studied English and worked as a nurse at displaced persons camps in Germany. She came to the United States in June, 1947. |
Jack Mandelbaum |
Jack grew up in the Holocaust. Born in the free state of Danzig in 1927, he was just 12 years old when Hitler invaded Poland. At age 13, he was captured by the Nazis and for the next 2 years, he worked in series of forced labor camps. In 1942, he was deported and imprisoned at Blechammer concentration camp, the first of many such camps where he would be sent prior to his liberation on May 7, 1945. He was the sole survivor of his family of six. Jack and his friend Isak arrived in the United States in June 1946. Together they founded the Midwest Center for Holocaust Education in 1993. |
Sonia Golad |
Sonia was born in Vilna, Poland in 1927. After the Germans invaded, she was required to wear a yellow star, and in 1941 was relocated to a ghetto. For a time, she hid from the Gestapo, but was eventually sent to two labor camps in Estonia. From Estonia, she was sent on a death march, and then to Stutthof concentration camp. In 1944, she was sent to Nuengame labor camp, where she was the victim of medical experiments, and then to Bergen-Belsen. In April 1945, she was liberated by Swedish diplomats and taken to Sweden where she was hospitalized. She came to America in April 1948. |
Isak Federman |
Isak was the sole survivor of an entire family. Born in Poland in 1922, at the age of seventeen, he was arrested by the SS and sent to Miechow. Four years later, in 1943, he and other prisoners were loaded into boxcars and sent west. He spent the next twenty-six months in eleven different camps, always under the control fo the SS. He was sent to Bergen-Belsen twice. He managed to escape once, but was shot and recaptured. Towards the end of the war, he was sent to Sandposten, ninety-eight kilometers from Bergen-Belsen. At liberation, in April 1945, Isak weighed onlly eighty pounds and had to recover in a British field hospital. That Christmas, on hearing a translation of President Truman's speech to the American people declaring that he would allow 100,000 displaced persons to immigrate to the United States, Isak resolved to leave Europe. He and Ann Warshawski, his wife-to-be, arrived in the United States in June 1946. They were the first Holocaust survivors married in Kansas City. |
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